#physical-symbol-system

Question 1: Single choice

Newell and Simon's physical symbol system hypothesis claims that a physical symbol system is both necessary and sufficient for general intelligent action. What does the "necessary" half commit them to?

Human thinking must itself be a form of symbol manipulation1
A suitably programmed machine can be intelligent2
Neural networks can never be built in hardware3
Symbols must be grounded in perception before they can mean anything4

#physical-symbol-system

Timed test