#observational-study

Question 1: Single choice

A random sample of 200 adults rated many unrelated things (camping, architecture, crossword puzzles, …), which gave each person a "dispositional attitude" score. They then read mixed reviews of a fictional microwave oven and rated it. People with more positive dispositional attitudes rated the oven more positively. Which conclusion is justified?

The association generalizes to the sampled population but is not causal.1
Positive dispositions cause positive ratings, and this holds for the whole population.2
Positive dispositions cause positive ratings, but only among these 200 people.3
Neither generalization nor causation is possible, because no treatment was assigned.4

#observational-study

Timed test